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Presumed Maximum Value

Financial Planning

The SSA's cap on how much in-kind food or shelter help can reduce an SSI check, set at one third of the federal benefit rate plus $20.

The presumed maximum value (PMV) is a Social Security Administration rule that caps how much an SSI recipient's check can be reduced for receiving free or below-market food or shelter. Without the PMV, the SSA would count the full fair-market value of the help as income; with the PMV, the reduction is limited to a predictable monthly amount.

How the PMV Math Works

The PMV equals one third of the federal SSI benefit rate plus the $20 general income exclusion. For 2026, with a federal benefit rate of about $967 per month, the PMV calculation is:

  • One third of $967 = $322.33
  • Plus $20 = $342.33
  • SSI reduction (after the $20 exclusion is applied to the unearned income) = roughly $322

That means the worst-case impact of in-kind support and maintenance on an SSI check is about $322 per month, no matter how expensive the rent or groceries actually are. A beneficiary who would otherwise receive $967 ends up with roughly $645.

Rebutting the Presumption

The PMV is a presumption, not a hard rule. If the actual current market value of the food or shelter help is less than the PMV, the recipient or their representative can submit evidence (a fair-market rental analysis, utility bills, a roommate-share computation) to lower the SSI reduction. This is most useful when a beneficiary lives in a low-cost shared household.

Why the PMV Matters for SNT Planning

For special needs trust trustees, the PMV is the worst-case math when deciding whether the trust should pay rent or utilities directly. If the benefit to the beneficiary clearly exceeds the $322 SSI reduction, paying for shelter from the SNT can still make sense. If not, routing the same help through an ABLE account avoids the reduction entirely.

Trustee tip: the SNT distribution cheatsheet shows, expense by expense, whether to pay from the SNT, the ABLE account, or not at all, and how each choice affects SSI. The interactive SNT Distribution Checker lets trustees log a planned expense and see the SSI verdict in real time.

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