The Priority Order for Appointment
Not just anyone can step in and manage a deceased person's estate. Arizona establishes a ranked list, and the court follows it whether the proceeding is formal or informal.
Whether the proceedings are formal or informal, persons who are not disqualified have priority for appointment in the following order: 1. The person with priority as determined by a probated will including a person nominated by a power conferred in a will. 2. The surviving spouse of the decedent who is a devisee of the decedent. 3. Other devisees of the decedent. 4. The surviving spouse of the decedent. 5. Other heirs of the decedent.
A.R.S. § 14-3203(A)(1)-(5)The person named in the will has the highest priority. If the will does not name anyone, or that person is unable or unwilling to serve, the surviving spouse who is also a devisee comes next, followed by other devisees, the surviving spouse generally, and then other heirs. If none of those individuals are available, the department of veterans' services (for veterans), creditors (after 45 days), and the public fiduciary fill the remaining positions.
When Priority Can Be Overridden
Priority is not absolute. In formal proceedings, the court can set aside the default order under certain circumstances. If the estate appears unable to cover anticipated debts, creditors may petition for a different appointment. If an heir or devisee with a substantial interest objects to the surviving spouse, and the court finds the spouse unsuitable, the court may appoint someone acceptable to the majority of interested parties.
A person is not qualified to serve as a personal representative who is: 1. Under the age of majority as defined in section 1-215. 2. A person whom the court finds unsuitable in formal proceedings. 3. A foreign corporation.
A.R.S. § 14-3203(F)Anyone entitled to priority under positions two through five may also nominate a qualified person to serve in their place. This flexibility helps families choose someone practical for the role, even if that person would not otherwise have priority under the statute.
