How Payments Get Split
Retirement accounts, pensions, and annuities often name a trust as the beneficiary. When those payments arrive, the trustee needs clear rules for dividing them between principal and income. Arizona provides a structured approach.
To the extent that a payment is characterized as interest or a dividend, or a payment made in lieu of interest or a dividend, a trustee shall allocate it to income. The trustee shall allocate to principal the balance of the payment and any other payment received in the same accounting period that is not characterized as interest, a dividend or an equivalent payment.
A.R.S. § 14-7418(A)If a payment clearly identifies an interest or dividend portion, that part goes to income and the rest goes to principal. When no portion is labeled as interest or dividends but the payment is required to be made, ten percent goes to income and the balance to principal. If the payment is entirely discretionary or represents the full amount owed, it all goes to principal.
Special Rules for Marital Deduction Trusts
Trusts that qualify for the federal estate tax marital deduction face additional requirements. If the standard allocation would not give the surviving spouse enough income to satisfy the deduction, the trustee must allocate more to income.
For these qualifying trusts, the statute requires the trustee to determine the "internal income" of each separate fund. If that calculation is not possible, the law provides a default rate of four percent of the fund's value. This ensures the surviving spouse receives adequate income while preserving the marital deduction.
The definition of "payment" under this section is broad. It covers money received from private or commercial annuities, individual retirement accounts, pensions, profit-sharing plans, stock bonus plans, and stock ownership plans. Whether payments come from the payer's general assets or a dedicated fund, these allocation rules apply.
