How Someone Becomes a Surrogate
The attending physician determines that the patient cannot make health care decisions. The medical team then looks for a surrogate using Arizona's priority list:
- Spouse (unless legally separated)
- Adult child of the patient
- Parent of the patient
- Domestic partner
- Sibling of the patient
- Close friend who knows the patient's values and wishes
The surrogate must be available and willing to act. They must base decisions on the patient's known wishes. If those wishes are unknown, the surrogate acts in the patient's best interest.
What Decisions Can a Surrogate Make
A surrogate can consent to or refuse medical treatments. They can choose between treatment options and make end-of-life care decisions. However, a surrogate's authority is more limited than a named agent's. If family members at the same priority level disagree, the process can stall. Disputes may need court involvement to resolve.
How to Avoid Needing a Surrogate
The surrogate system is a safety net. It is not a substitute for proper planning. A health care power of attorney lets you choose who makes your medical decisions. You also control what authority they have. Planning ahead puts you in control.